Nobel prize in physics for basic research exotic matter States – Heise Newsticker

The researchers described topological phase transitions in thin layers of very cold matter:

Because you have studied on the methods of higher mathematics unusual phases or States of matter and explains the three American researchers this year’s Nobel prize for physics awarded.

The Nobel prize in physics in 2016 goes to the in the USA, researchers in British, David Thouless, Duncan Haldane and Michael Kosterlitz for their “theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological matter phases”. As Göran Hansson, the President of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced in Stockholm, the price for a half Thouless, and others, to Haldane and Kosterlitz.

“explained door to an unknown world”

As the Academy, took advantage of the three scientists methods of higher mathematics to explore unusual States of Matter, such as observed in superconductors, superfluids, or thin magnetic layers. Thanks to their reliance on mathematical topology, Kosterlitz and Thouless in the early 1970s were years of the then existing theories of superconductivity and superfluidity.

you have set out, therefore, among other things, that superconductivity can occur at low temperatures and the mechanisms explained, which makes it at higher temperatures to disappear. Haldane, in turn, the topology used to explain chains of small magnets, which occur in some materials.

In the past ten years had been used as the theoretical foundations for basic research, not least because of the topological materials could, in future, be in electronics and superconductors are used.

have high hopes of quantum researchers, for example, so-called “topological insulators” in which “topologically protected” quantum States to exist. Such quantum States would be much more robust with respect to external disturbances and allowed for a quantum computer use, including Microsoft is researching this concept.

Old Tradition

The Nobel prize in physics is awarded each year by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Like the other Nobel prizes, the prize includes 8 million Swedish crowns (approximately EUR 830,000). To be awarded on 10. December, the anniversary of the death of the founder Alfred Nobel, in Stockholm or Oslo (Nobel peace prize).

Already been awarded Nobel prizes:

(mho)